Dragon Boat Festival

IDragon Boat Festival(isiShayina esenziwe lula: 端午节;isiShayina sendabuko: 端午節) iholidi lendabuko lamaShayina eliba khona ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanuIkhalenda lesiShayina, okuhambisana ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ngoJuni kuIkhalenda likaGregory.

Igama lesiNgisi leholide lithiDragon Boat Festival, esetshenziswa njengenguqulo esemthethweni yesiNgisi yaleli holide yi-People's Republic of China. Kweminye imithombo yesiNgisi kuthiwaI-Double Fifth Festivalelibhekisela osukwini njengasegameni lokuqala lesiShayina.

Amagama wesiShayina ngesifunda

Duanwu(IsiShayina: 端午;pinyin:duānwǔ), njengoba ubizwa kanjalo umkhosiIsiMandarin Chinese, ngokwezwi nezwi lisho “ihhashi lokuqala/elivulayo”, okungukuthi, “usuku lwehhashi” lokuqala (ngokusho kweIzinkanyezi zesiShayina/Ikhalenda lesiShayinauhlelo) oluzokwenzeka ngenyanga; nokho, naphezu kwencazelo engokoqobowǔ, "usuku [lwehhashi] emjikelezweni wezilwane", lo mlingiswa uphinde wahunyushwa ngokushintshana ngokuthiwǔ(IsiShayina: 五;pinyin:wǔ) okusho ukuthi “ezinhlanu”. NgakhoDuanwu, “umkhosi wosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu”.

Igama lesi-Mandarin Chinese lomkhosi lithi “端午節” (isiShayina esenziwe lula: 端午节;isiShayina sendabuko: 端午節;pinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade-Giles:Tuan Wu chieh) phakathiChinafuthiI-Taiwan, kanye ne-“Tuen Ng Festival” yaseHong Kong, eMacao, eMalaysia naseSingapore.

Liphinyiselwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukeneIzilimi zesiShayina. KuIsiCantonese, IkonaiRomanizednjengeTuen¹Ng⁵Jit³eHong Kong futhiI-Tung¹Ng⁵Jit³eMacau. Ngakho-ke "i-Tuen Ng Festival" e-Hong KongThun Ng(I-Festividade do Barco-DragãongesiPutukezi) ngesiMacao.

Umsuka

Inyanga yesihlanu yenyanga ibhekwa njengenyanga eneshwa. Abantu babekholelwa ukuthi izinhlekelele zemvelo kanye nezifo zivamile ngenyanga yesihlanu. Ukuze kuqedwe lelishwa, abantu babebeka i-calamus, i-Artemisia, izimbali zamahalananda, i-ixora yamaShayina kanye nesweli phezu kweminyango ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu.^{[ingcaphuno edingekayo]}Njengoba ukwakheka kwecalamus kwakha njengenkemba kanye nephunga elinamandla likagalikhi, kunenkolelo yokuthi angakwazi ukususa imimoya emibi.

Enye incazelo yemvelaphi yoMkhosi Wezikebhe Eziyizikejana ivela ngaphambi koBukhosi bakwa-Qin (221–206 BC). Inyanga yesihlanu yekhalenda yenyanga yayibhekwa njengenyanga embi futhi usuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga usuku olubi. Izilwane ezinobuthi kuthiwa zazivela kusukela osukwini lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu, njengezinyoka, ama-centipedes, nofezela; abantu kuthiwa bagula kalula ngemuva kwalolu suku. Ngakho-ke, phakathi ne-Dragon Boat Festival, abantu bazama ukugwema le shwa elibi. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu bangase banamathisele izithombe zezidalwa ezinhlanu ezinobuthi odongeni futhi bafake izinaliti kuzo. Abantu bangase futhi benze izinqamu zephepha zezidalwa ezinhlanu futhi bazisonge ezihlakaleni zezingane zabo.Imikhosi emikhulu nemidlalo eyenziwa yile mikhuba ezindaweni eziningi, okwenza uMkhosi we-Dragon Boat ube usuku lokuqeda izifo namabhadi.

I-Qu Yuan

Indaba eyaziwa kakhulu e-China yanamuhla ithi umkhosi ukhumbula ukushona kwembongi nongqongqosheI-Qu Yuan(c. 340–278 BC) weisimo sasendulokweChungesikhathi seIsikhathi samazwe alwayokweUbukhosi bakwaZhou. Ilungu le-cadet leChu indlu yasebukhosini, u-Qu wayesebenza emahhovisi aphezulu. Nokho, lapho umbusi enquma ukuzihlanganisa nesimo esinamandla seQin, u-Qu wadingiswa ngenxa yokuphikisana nombimbi waze wasolwa nokuvukela umbuso.Ngesikhathi sokudingiswa kwakhe, u-Qu Yuan wabhala okuningiizinkondlo. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili kamuva, uQin wathunjwaYing, inhloko-dolobha ye-Chu. Ephelelwe ithemba, u-Qu Yuan wazibulala ngokuzicwilisa emanziniMiluo River.

Kuthiwa abantu bendawo abebemthakasela bagijima ngezikebhe bezama ukumsindisa, noma bakhiphe isidumbu sakhe. Lokhu kuthiwa bekungumsuka weimijaho yezikebhe zikadrako. Ngesikhathi isidumbu sakhe singatholakali, bawisa amabholairayisi elinamathelayoemfuleni ukuze izinhlanzi ziwadle esikhundleni somzimba kaQu Yuan. Lokhu kuthiwa umsukazongi.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, uQu Yuan waqala ukuphathwa ngendlela yobuzwe “njengembongi yokuqala yaseShayina eshisekela izwe”. Umbono we-Qu's social idealism kanye nokushisekela izwe okungaguquki waba yi-canonical ngaphansi kwePeople's Republic of China ngemuva kuka-1949.Ukunqoba kwamaKhomanisi eMpini Yombango YaseShayina.

Wu Zixu

Ngaphandle kokuduma kwesimanje kwethiyori yemvelaphi ye-Qu Yuan, endaweni yangaphambili ye-Umbuso weWu, kukhunjulwe umkhosiWu Zixu(washona ngo-484 BC), uNdunankulu waseWu.Xi Shi,intombi enhle ethunywe iNkosiIsi-Goujiankweisimo saseYue, wayethandwa kakhulu uNkosiI-Fuchaikwe Wu. UWu Zixu, ebona itulo eliyingozi likaGoujian, waxwayisa uFuchai, owacasuka ngalokhu kuphawula. UWu Zixu waphoqwa ukuba azibulale nguFuchai, isidumbu sakhe saphonswa emfuleni ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, ezindaweni ezifanaSuzhou, u-Wu Zixu ukhunjulwa ngesikhathi se-Dragon Boat Festival.

Imisebenzi emithathu esabalele kakhulu eyenziwa ngesikhathi se-Dragon Boat Festival idla (futhi iyalungiselela)zongi, ukuphuzaiwayini langempela, kanye nomjahoizikebhe zikadrako.

Dragon boat racing

I-Dragon boat racing inomlando ocebile wamasiko asendulo emikhosi namasiko, owaqala eningizimu emaphakathi neChina eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2500 edlule. Inganekwane iqala ngendaba ka-Qu Yuan, owayengungqongqoshe komunye wohulumeni be-Warring State, u-Chu. Wanyundelwa izikhulu zikahulumeni ezinomona futhi waxoshwa yinkosi. Ngenxa yokudumala inkosi yakwaChu, yacwila eMfuleni iMiluo. Abantu abavamile baphuthuma emanzini futhi bazama ukuthola isidumbu sakhe. Esikhumbuzweni sika-Qu Yuan, abantu babamba imijaho yezikebhe zikadrako minyaka yonke ngosuku lokufa kwakhe ngokusho kwenganekwane. Baphinde basakaza irayisi emanzini ukuze baphakele izinhlanzi, ukuze bangadli umzimba ka-Qu Yuan, okungenye yemvelaphi yezinhlanzi.zongi.

I-Zongzi (idombolo lerayisi lesiShayina)

Ingxenye ephawulekayo yokugubha i-Dragon Boat Festival yenza futhi idle izongzi namalungu omndeni nabangane. Abantu ngokwesiko bagoqa i-zongzi ngamahlamvu omhlanga, uqalo, benze umumo wephiramidi. Amaqabunga aphinde anikeze iphunga elikhethekile kanye nokunambitheka kwerayisi elinamathelayo kanye nokugcwaliswa. Izinketho zokugcwalisa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezifunda. Izifunda ezisenyakatho e-China zithanda i-zongzi enoshukela noma eyenziwe nge-dessert, enonamathelisi kabhontshisi, i-jujube, namantongomane njengokugcwaliswa. Izifunda eziseNingizimu e-China zithanda i-zongzi enomsoco, enokugcwalisa okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa isisu sengulube esifakwe emanzini, isoseji, namaqanda edada anosawoti.

UZongzi wavela ngaphambi kweNkathi Yentwasahlobo kanye Nekwindla futhi ekuqaleni wayesetshenziselwa ukukhulekela amadlozi nonkulunkulu; oBukhosini bakwaJin, iZongzi yaba ukudla kwemikhosi ye-Dragon Boat Festival. I-Jin Dynasty, amadombolo aqokwa ngokusemthethweni njengokudla kwe-Dragon Boat Festival. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngaphezu kwerayisi e-glutinous, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenza i-zongzi nazo zengezwa nomuthi waseShayina i-Yizhiren. I-zongzi ephekiwe ibizwa ngokuthi "yizhi zong".

Isizathu esenza amaShayina adle i-zongzi ngalolu suku olukhethekile sinezitatimende eziningi. Inguqulo yabantu iwukubamba umcimbi wesikhumbuzo sikaQuyuan. Nakuba empeleni uZongzi uthathwa njengomnikelo wedlozi nangaphambi kwesikhathi samaChunqiu. Kusukela ebukhosini bakwaJin, uZongzi waba ukudla komkhosi ngokusemthethweni futhi wahlala isikhathi eside kuze kube manje.

Izinsuku ze-Dragon boat kusuka ngomhla ka-3 kuya ku-5 kuJuni ka-2022. I-HUAXIN CARBIDE ifisela wonke umuntu amaholide amahle!