Amathuluzi e-carbide anosimende abusa kumathuluzi womshini we-CNC. Kwamanye amazwe, ngaphezu kuka-90% wamathuluzi okujika kanye namathuluzi okugaya angaphezu kwama-55% enziwe nge-carbide enosimende. Ukwengeza, i-carbide enosimende ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amathuluzi ajwayelekile njengama-drill kanye nezisiki zokugaya ubuso. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbide enosimende kuyanda futhi kumathuluzi ayinkimbinkimbi afana nama-reamers, izigayo zokugcina, amagiya e-modulus aphakathi nendawo namakhulu omshini womshini wamazinyo aqinile, nama-broache. Ukusebenza kahle kokusika kwamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende izikhathi ezi-5 kuya kweziyisi-8 kunamathuluzi ensimbi enesivinini esikhulu (HSS). Inani lensimbi elikhishiwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yokuqukethwe kwe-tungsten likhulu ngokuphindwe ka-5 kunalelo le-HSS. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa kakhulu i-carbide enosimende njengento eyithuluzi kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokusebenzisa izinsiza ngendlela efanele, ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza okuncishisiwe, nokuthuthukisa izinzuzo zezomnotho.
Ukwahlukaniswa Kwezisetshenziswa Zethuluzi Le-Carbide Elisimende
Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko, i-carbide enosimende ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide ne-titanium carbonitride (Ti(C,N))-based cemented carbide, njengoba kuboniswe kuThebula 3-1.
I-tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide ihlanganisa:
I-Tungsten-cobalt (YG)
I-Tungsten-cobalt-titanium (YT)
Ngengezwe ama-carbides angavamile (YW)
Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nokubi. Ama-carbide angeziwe ahlanganisa i-tungsten carbide (WC), i-titanium carbide (TiC), i-tantalum carbide (TaC), i-niobium carbide (NbC), njll., ne-cobalt (Co) okuyisigaba sokuhlanganisa insimbi esivame ukusetshenziswa.
I-Titanium carbonitride-based cemented carbide ngokuyinhloko iqukethe i-TiC (ezinye zine-carbides noma i-nitride engeziwe), ene-molybdenum (Mo) ne-nickel (Ni) njengezigaba ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezihlanganisa insimbi.
Ngokusekelwe kusayizi wokusanhlamvu, i-carbide enosimende ingahlukaniswa ibe:
I-carbide enosimende evamile
I-carbide eyenziwe kahle eyenziwe ngosimende
I-Ultrafine-grained cemented carbide
Ngokusho kwe-GB/T 2075—2007, izimpawu zezinhlamvu zimi kanje:
HW: I-carbide engasindisiwe equkethe ikakhulukazi i-tungsten carbide (WC) enosayizi wokusanhlamvu ongu-≥1μm
I-HF: I-carbide engasindisiwe equkethe ikakhulukazi i-tungsten carbide (WC) enosayizi wokusanhlamvu ongu-<1μm
I-HT: I-carbide engasindisiwe equkethe ikakhulukazi i-titanium carbide (TiC) noma i-titanium nitride (TiN) noma kokubili (okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi i-cermet)
I-HC: I-carbides esenziwe ngenhla ene-coating
I-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) ihlukanisa ukusika ama-carbides asimende abe yizigaba ezintathu:
I-K class (K10 ukuya ku-K40):
Ilingana nekilasi le-YG lase-China (ikakhulukazi elakhiwe i-WC-Co)
P class (P01 kuya ku-P50):
Ilingana nekilasi le-YT lase-China (ikakhulukazi elakhiwe i-WC-TiC-Co)
I-M class (M10 kuya ku-M40):
Ilingana nekilasi lase-China le-YW (ikakhulukazi elakhiwe i-WC-TiC-TaC(NbC)-Co)
Amabanga esigaba ngasinye amelelwa inombolo ephakathi kuka-01 no-50, okubonisa uchungechunge lwama-alloys kusukela kokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kuya kokuqina okukhulu kakhulu, ukuze kukhethwe ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zokusika kanye nezimo zomshini zezinto ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza. Uma kunesidingo, ikhodi emaphakathi ingafakwa phakathi kwamakhodi okuhlukanisa amabili asondelene, njenge-P15 phakathi kwe-P10 ne-P20, noma i-K25 phakathi kwe-K20 ne-K30, kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kweyodwa. Ezimweni ezikhethekile, ikhodi yokuhlukanisa i-P01 ingaphinda ihlukaniswe ngokwengeza enye idijithi ehlukaniswe iphoyinti ledesimali, elifana ne-P01.1, P01.2, njll., ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlukaniswa kokumelana nokuguga kanye nokuqina kwezinto zokusebenza zokuqedela imisebenzi.
Ukusebenza Kwezisetshenziswa Zethuluzi Le-Cemented Carbide
1. I-HardnessCemented carbide iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-carbides aqinile (njenge-WC, i-TiC), okwenza ukuqina kwayo kuphakame kakhulu kunokwezinto zensimbi ezinesivinini esikhulu. Ukuphakama kokuqina kwe-carbide enosimende, kuba ngcono ukumelana kwayo nokugqokwa, okuvame ukuphakama kakhulu kunokwensimbi enesivinini esikhulu.
Ukuphakama kwesigaba se-cobalt binder, kunciphisa ubulukhuni be-alloy.
Njengoba i-TiC iqinile kune-WC, ama-alloys e-WC-TiC-Co anokuqina okuphezulu kune-WC-Co alloys. Ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-TiC, kuyanda ubulukhuni.
Ukwengeza i-TaC kuma-alloys e-WC-Co kwandisa ubulukhuni cishe ngo-40 kuya ku-100 HV; ukwengeza i-NbC kuyinyusa ngo-70 kuya ku-150 HV.
2. AmandlaAmandla aguquguqukayo e-carbide enosimende acishe abe ngu-1/3 kuya ku-1/2 kuphela wezinto zensimbi ezinesivinini esikhulu.
Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-cobalt, amandla aphezulu e-alloy.
Ama-alloys aqukethe i-TiC anamandla aphansi kunalawo angenayo i-TiC; okuqukethwe kwe-TiC okwengeziwe, amandla ayancipha.
Ukwengeza i-TaC ku-WC-TiC-Co i-carbide enosimende kukhulisa amandla ayo okugobeka futhi kukhulisa kakhulu ukumelana nomkhawulo wokuqhekeka nokuqhekeka. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-TaC kwanda, amandla okukhathala nawo ayathuthuka.
Amandla acindezelayo e-carbide enosimende angama-30% kuya ku-50% aphezulu kunalawo ensimbi enesivinini esikhulu.
3. UkuqinaUkuqina kwe-carbide enosimende kuphansi kakhulu kunobensimbi yesivinini esikhulu.
Ama-alloys aqukethe i-TiC anokuqina okuphansi kunalawo angenayo i-TiC; njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-TiC kwanda, ukuqina kuncipha.
Kuma-alloys e-WC-TiC-Co, ukwengeza inani elifanele le-TaC kungakhuphula ukuqina cishe ngo-10% kuyilapho kugcina ukumelana nokushisa nokumelana nokuguga.
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphansi, i-carbide enosimende ayifaneleki izimo ezinomthelela onamandla noma ukudlidliza, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esiphansi sokusika lapho ukunamathela nokucwecwa kuqine kakhulu.
4. I-Thermal Physical PropertiesI-thermal conductivity ye-carbide enosimende cishe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngaphezu kwalokho kwensimbi yesivinini esikhulu.
Njengoba i-thermal conductivity ye-TiC iphansi kunaleyo ye-WC, ama-alloys e-WC-TiC-Co ane-thermal conductivity ephansi kune-WC-Co alloys. Ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-TiC, kuba mpofu kakhulu ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal.
5. I-Heat ResistanceCemented carbide inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kunensimbi enesivinini esikhulu futhi ingenza ukusika ku-800 kuya ku-1000 ° C ngokumelana okuhle nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ukwengeza i-TiC kukhulisa ubulukhuni bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Njengoba izinga lokushisa elithambile le-TiC lingaphezulu kwe-WC, ubulukhuni bezinhlayiya ze-WC-TiC-Co kuncipha kancane ngezinga lokushisa kune-WC-Co alloys. I-TiC eyengeziwe kanye ne-cobalt encane, iyancipha kancane.
Ukwengeza i-TaC noma i-NbC (ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu athambisayo kune-TiC) kuqhubeza nokwandisa ubulukhuni bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu namandla.
6. Izakhiwo Ezinqanda Ukunamathela Izinga lokushisa lokunamathela le-carbide enosimende liphakeme kunelensimbi enesivinini esikhulu, okwenza imelane kangcono nokugqokwa kokunamathela.
Ukushisa kokunamathela kwe-Cobalt ngensimbi kuphansi kakhulu kune-WC; njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt kukhula, izinga lokushisa lokunamathela liyancipha.
Izinga lokushisa lokunamathisela le-TiC liphakeme kune-WC, ngakho ama-alloys e-WC-TiC-Co anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokunamathela (cishe ngo-100°C ngaphezulu) kunamaalloyi e-WC-Co. I-TiO2 eyakhiwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokusika inciphisa ukunamathela.
I-TaC ne-NbC zinamazinga okushisa aphezulu okunamathela kune-TiC, athuthukisa izakhiwo zokulwa nokunamathela. Ukuhlobana kwe-TaC nezinto zokusebenza kuyingxenye nje yezingxenye eziyishumi ezimbalwa ze-WC's.
7. Ukuzinza KwamakhemikhaliUkumelana nokugqokwa kwamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende kuhlobene kakhulu nokuzinza kwawo ngokomzimba namakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa okusebenza.
Izinga lokushisa le-oxidation le-carbide enosimende liphakeme kunelensimbi enesivinini esikhulu.
Izinga lokushisa le-oxidation le-TiC liphakeme kakhulu kune-WC, ngakho ama-alloys e-WC-TiC-Co azuza isisindo esincane se-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kunama-alloys e-WC-Co; uma i-TiC ingeziwe, kuqina ukumelana ne-oxidation.
Izinga lokushisa le-oxidation le-TaC nalo liphakeme kunama-WC, futhi ama-alloys ane-TaC ne-NbC athuthukise ukumelana ne-high-temperature oxidation. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cobalt kwenza i-oxidation ibe lula.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-23-2025
