I-Carbide iyisigaba esisetshenziswa kakhulu sezinto zokwenziwa kwamathuluzi ezisheshayo (HSM), ezikhiqizwa yizinqubo ze-powder metallurgy futhi ziqukethe izinhlayiya ezinzima (imvamisa iTungsten Carbide WC) kanye nokwakheka kwensimbi yensimbi. Njengamanje, kunamakhulu ama-carbusis asuselwa ku-wc asuselwa kwi-WC anezingoma ezahlukene, iningi lazo asebenzisa i-cobalt (co) njenge-chrinder, i-chromium (CR) futhi i-chromium (CR) nazo zisetshenziswa. ezinye izinto ezengeziwe. Kungani amamaki e-carbide amaningi kangaka? Abakhiqizi bethu bethuluzi bakhetha kanjani impahla elungile yokusebenza okuthile kokusika? Ukuze uphendule le mibuzo, ake siqale sibheke izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezenza i-carbide efakwe ngocent
Ubulukhuni kanye Nobunzima
I-Carbide ye-WC-CO Carbide inezinzuzo ezihlukile ekubukeni nobunzima. I-Tungsten Carbide (WC) ilukhuni kakhulu (ngaphezu kwe-corundum noma i-alumina), futhi ubunzima bayo buqabukela buncipha njengoba izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo liyanda. Kodwa-ke, ayinakho ubutha obunele, impahla ebalulekile yamathuluzi okusika. Ukuze usebenzise ngokunenzuzo ubulukhuni obuphezulu be-tungsten Carbide futhi uthuthukise ubulukhuni bayo, abantu basebenzisa izibopho zensimbi zibe yibhomu iTungsten Carbide ndawonye, ukuze lokhu kube nzima kudlula ngensimbi ephezulu, ngenkathi ukwazi ukubekezelela imisebenzi esezingeni eliphakeme. amandla okusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu adalwe ngemishini enesivinini esiphakeme.
Namuhla, cishe yonke imimese ye-WC-CO KWIMES kanye nokufakwa kuhlanganiswe, ngakho-ke indima yezisekelo zezinto zibonakala zingabalulekanga kangako. Kepha eqinisweni, yi-modulus ephezulu kakhulu ye-WC-CO Indwangu (isilinganiso sokuqina, okucishe kube kathathu ngensimbi ephezulu kakhulu emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni) enikezela nge-substrate engaphenduki ye-coating. I-WC-CO Matrix ibuye inikeze nobunzima obudingekayo. Lezi zakhiwo ziyizakhiwo eziyisisekelo zezinto zokwakha ze-WC-CO, kepha izakhiwo ezibonakalayo nazo zingalinganiswa ngokulungisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye ne-miscrumple Ngakho-ke, ukufaneleka kokusebenza kwamathuluzi kumishini ethile kuxhomeke ngezinga elikhulu kwinqubo yokuqala yokugaya.
Inqubo yokugaya
I-Tungsten Carbide Powder itholakala nge-carburshing tungsten (w) powder. Izici zeTungsten Carbide Powder (ikakhulukazi usayizi wazo wezinhlayiyana) ikakhulukazi kuncike kusayizi wezinhlayiyana zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-tungsten powder kanye nesikhathi sokushisa nesikhathi sokushisa. Ukulawulwa kwamakhemikhali kubuye kubucayi, futhi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kumele kugcinwe njalo (eduze nenani le-stoichiometric le-6.13% ngesisindo). Inani elincane le-vagadium kanye / noma i-chromium lingangezwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwe-carburing ukuze kulawulwe usayizi wezinhlayiyana okulandelayo. Izimo ezahlukahlukene zenqubo ezahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile kokusebenza okudinga ukuhlanganiswa okuthile kwe-tungsten Carbide Carbide Particle usayizi, okuqukethwe yi-carbon, okuqukethwe kwe-vanadium nokuqukethwe kwe-chrumium, lapho kukhiqizwa khona ama-tungsten carbide powders ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, i-ATI Alldyne, umenzi we-tungsten Carbide Powder, ukhiqiza amamaki ajwayelekile angama-23 eTungsten Carbide Powder, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zeTungsten Carbide Powder eyenziwe ngokwezidingo zomsebenzisi ezingafinyelela izikhathi ezijwayelekile ze-tungsten carbide powder.
Lapho uxuba futhi ugaya uTungsten Carbide Powder kanye ne-Metal Bond ukukhiqiza ibanga elithile le-carbide powder elihlanganisiwe, ukuhlanganiswa okuhlukahlukene kungasetjenziswa. Okuqukethwe okuvame ukusetshenziswa kwe-cobalt kungu-3% - 25% (isilinganiso sesisindo), futhi esimweni sokudinga ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwethuluzi, kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-nickel ne-chromium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibopho sensimbi singathuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokungeza ezinye izinto ze-alloy. Isibonelo, ukungeza i-ruthenium ku-WC-CO Carbide Carbide kungathuthukisa kakhulu ubulukhuni bayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ubulukhuni bayo. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-binder nakho kungathuthukisa ubulukhuni be-carbide enesihlahla, kepha kuzonciphisa ubunzima baso.
Ukunciphisa usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-tungsten Carbide kungakhulisa ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo, kepha ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana ze-tungsten Carbide kumele bahlale befana phakathi nenqubo yesono. Ngesikhathi esona, izinhlayiya ze-tungsten Carbide zihlangana futhi zikhula ngenqubo yokuchithwa kanye nokuphikiswa. Enqubweni yangempela yesono, ukuze wakhe impahla ebumbene ngokugcwele, isibopho sensimbi siba uketshezi (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-siquid States COINTING). Izinga lokukhula lezinhlayiya ze-Carbide zeTungsten lingalawulwa ngokungeza ezinye izithonjana zensimbi yensimbi, kufaka phakathi i-carbide ye-vanadium (vc), i-chr3c carbide (i-TR3C2), i-titanium carbide (i-TAC), ne-NBC). Lezi zimbotshana zensimbi zivame ukungezwa lapho i-tungsten carbide powder ixubene futhi igayiwe ngesibopho sensimbi, yize i-carbide ye-vanadium ne-chromium ingakhiwa lapho i-tungsten carbide powder ingu-carbusid.
I-Tungsten Carbide Powder nayo ingakhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa imfucumfucu esetshenzisiwe ye-carbide ye-carbide. Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokuphinda usebenzise iScrap Carbide kunomlando omude emkhakheni we-carbide onesiko futhi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yalo lonke uchungechunge lwezomnotho lomkhakha, usiza ukunciphisa izindleko zemvelo, ulondoloze izinsiza zemvelo futhi ugweme izinto zodoti. Ukulahlwa okulimazayo. I-Scrap Carbide efakwe ngo-scrage ngokuvamile ingahle isetshenziswe kabusha ngenqubo ye-APT (Ammomonium ParatungngSstate), inqubo yokubuyiselwa kwe-Zinc noma ngokuchoboza. Lawa ma-powders "asetshenzisiwe" asetshenziswa kabusha "anezifiso ezingcono, ezibikezelwa ngoba zinendawo encane engaphezulu kwe-tungsten carbide powders eyenziwe ngqo ngenqubo yeTungsten Caribuzing.
Izimo ezicutshungulwa zokugaya okuxubile kwe-tungsten Carbide Powder kanye ne-Metal Bond nazo ziyinqubo ebalulekile yenqubo. Amasu amabili asetshenziswa kakhulu ama-milling asetshenziswa kakhulu yibhola lokugaya kanye nama-micromilling. Zombili izinqubo zinika amandla ukuxutshwa komfaniswano wamapokisi agayiwe kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana. Ukuze wenze umsebenzi wokusebenza ocindezelwe kamuva ube namandla anele, gcina ukwakheka komsebenzi wokusebenza, futhi unike amandla opharetha noma ama-manipulator athathe umsebenzi wokusebenza ukuze asebenze, kuvame okudingekayo ukwengeza i-organic binder ngesikhathi sokugaya. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwalesi sibopho kungathinta ubungako namandla okwenza umsebenzi wokucindezela. Ukwenza lula ukusingatha, kungakuhle ukwengeza ama-linders aphezulu, kepha lokhu kuphumela ekubumbeni okuphansi okukhona futhi kungakhiqiza izigaxa ezingadala amaphutha kumkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ngemuva kokugaya, i-powder ijwayele ukufafaza - yomile ukukhiqiza ama-agglomerates agelezayo aqhutshwa ndawonye ngama-organic binders. Ngokushintsha ukwakheka kwe-organic binder, ukugeleza kanye nokukhokhiswa kwabantu kwalawa ma-agglomerates kungenziwa ngendlela oyifunayo. Ngokuhlola ama-coarser noma izinhlayiya ezinhle, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kwe-agglomerate kungabuye kubhekwe ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuhle lapho kulayishwa emgodini wokudala.
Ukukhiqiza umsebenzi
Izisebenzi ze-Carbide zingakhiwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zenqubo. Ngokuya ngosayizi womsebenzi we-workpiece, izinga lezinkimbinkimbi zokwakheka, kanye ne-batch yokukhiqiza, ukufakwa okuningi kokusika kuyabunjwa kusetshenziswa phezulu- kanye ne-engezansi-ingcindezi kufa. Ukuze ulondoloze ukungaguquguquki kwesisindo sokwenza umsebenzi kanye nosayizi ngesikhathi sokucindezela ngakunye, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani lempuphu (isisindo kanye nevolumu) eligeleza emgodini linjalo. Ukshukela we-powder ulawulwa ikakhulukazi ngokusatshalaliswa kosayizi kwama-agglomerates kanye nezakhiwo ze-organic binder. Izisebenzi ezibunjiwe (noma "izikhala") zakhiwa ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi yokubumba ye-10-80 KSI (kilo emakhilogremu ngonyawo lwesikwele) ku-powder elayishwe emgodini wohlobo.
Noma ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokubumba ephezulu kakhulu, izinhlayiya ze-tungsten Carbide eziqinile ngeke zidangele noma ziphule, kepha i-organic binder icindezelwa ezigandeni phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-tungsten Carbide, ngaleyo ndlela zilungisa isikhundla sezinhlayiya. Ingcindezi ephakeme, okubumba izibopho zezinhlayiya ze-tungsten carbide kanye nezinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu zokwenza umsebenzi wokusebenza. Izakhiwo zokubumba zamamaki we-carbide powder enesimemezelo zingahluka, kuya ngokuqukethwe kwe-bherlic tinder, ubukhulu kanye nokwakheka kwezinhlayiya ze-tungsten Carbide, izinga lokuqaqamba kwe-agglomeration, kanye nokwakheka kwe-organic. Ukuze unikeze imininingwane yenani elilinganiswayo mayelana nezakhiwo ezihlanganayo zamabanga we-carbide powders, ubudlelwano phakathi kobuningi bokubumba nokucindezela kokubumba kuvame ukuklanywa futhi kwakhiwe ngumenzi we-powder. Lolu lwazi luqinisekisa ukuthi i-powder enikeziwe iyahambelana nenqubo yokubumba yomkhiqizi wamathuluzi.
Ama-arvice amakhulu we-carbide noma ama-carbide we-arvices ane-ratios ephezulu ye-aspect (njengama-shanks wokugcina amalambu nokushayela) akhiqizwa amamaki acindezelwe ngendlela efanayo ye-carbide powder eguquguqukayo. Yize umjikelezo wokukhiqiza wendlela yokuphrinta ngokunethezeka ungaphezulu kwalokho kwendlela yokubumba, izindleko zokwenziwa zethuluzi ziphansi, ngakho-ke le ndlela ilungele ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch.
Le ndlela yenqubo ukubeka i-powder esikhwameni, bese uvala umlomo wesikhwama, bese ubeka isikhwama esigcwele i-powder egumbini, bese usebenzisa ingcindezi ka-30-60ksi ngedivayisi ye-hydraulic ukuze ucindezele. Ama-Workiece acindezelwe ajwayele ukufakwa ku-geometries ethile ngaphambi kwesono. Ubukhulu besaka bukhulisiwe ukuze bakwazi ukuhlalisa i-workpiepe shrinkage ngesikhathi sokusebenzisana futhi ukuhlinzeka ngemigqa eyanele yokugaya imisebenzi. Njengoba i-Workiepe idinga ukucutshungulwa ngemuva kokucindezela, izidingo zokuvumelana kokungaguquguquki azinamandla njengezindlela zokubumba, kepha kuyathandeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elifanayo lempuphu lilayishwe esikhwameni ngasinye. Uma ukukhishwa kwe-chalsity ye-powder kuncane kakhulu, kungahle kuholele empuphu enganele esikhwameni, okuholela ekutheni kube mncane kakhulu futhi kufanele kushajiwe. Uma ubuningi be-powder buphezulu kakhulu, futhi i-powder elayishwe esikhwameni ikhulu kakhulu, umsebenzi wokwakha udinga ukucutshungulwa ukuze ususe i-powder ngemuva kokuthi icindezelwe. Yize i-powder eyeqile isuswe futhi i-Working Places eshayiwe ingavuselelwa, ukwenza kanjalo kunciphisa umkhiqizo.
Izisebenzi ze-Carbide nazo zingakhiwa futhi kusetshenziswa ukufelwa kokukhishwa noma umjovo uyafa. Inqubo yokubumba yokukhishwa ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo kwe-axisymmetric Hark Workies, kuyilapho inqubo yokubumba umjovo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo kwemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ye-Shape Workieces. Kuzo zombili izinqubo zokubumba, amamaki we-carbide powder athuthelwe kumiswe kwi-organic binder enikeza ukungahambisani kwamazinyo okuxubana kokuxutshwa kwe-carbide okuhlanganisiwe. I-Compound iye yafakwa emgodini noma ifakwe emgodini ozokwakha. Izici zebanga le-carbide enesihlahla se-carbide anqume i-powder ye-powder ukuze ibambe iqhaza engxube, futhi ibe nethonya elibalulekile ekugelekeni komgodi noma umjovo ungene emgodini wokukhishwa noma umjovo ungene emgodini.
Ngemuva kokuthi umsebenzi we-WorkPiece wakhelwa ngokubumba, ukucindezela okucindezelayo okuzayo, ukukhishwa noma umjovo, i-organic birmer idinga ukususwa endaweni yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesigaba sokugcina sesono. I-Pitering isusa i-porosion kusuka ku-workpiece, ikwenze kube mnene ngokuphelele (noma kakhulu). Ngenkathi esona, isibopho sensimbi esikwenziweni sokusebenza kwabezindaba siba uketshezi, kepha umsebenzi wokusebenza ugcina ukwakheka kwawo ngaphansi kwesenzo esihlanganisiwe samandla e-capillary kanye nokuxhumana kwezinhlayiyana.
Ngemuva kokusopha, i-geometry ye-workpiece ihlala ifana, kepha ubukhulu buncishisiwe. Ukuze uthole usayizi wokusebenza odingekayo ngemuva kokuphonsa, isilinganiso se-shrinkage sidinga ukubhekwa lapho siklama ithuluzi. Ibanga le-carbide powder elisetshenziselwa ukwenza ithuluzi ngalinye kufanele lenzelwe ukuba ne-shrinkage efanele lapho ihlanganiswe ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanele.
Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-post-ezine portsing kwesisebenzi sokusebenza kwesono kuyadingeka. Ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo kakhulu kwamathuluzi okusika ukucija umphetho wokusika. Amathuluzi amaningi adinga ukugaya kwe-geometry yabo nobukhulu ngemuva kokuthola ukona. Amanye amathuluzi adinga ukugaya okuphezulu nangaphansi; abanye badinga ukugaya okuphelele (nge noma ngaphandle kokucipha umphetho wokusika). Zonke izicubu ze-carbide kusuka ekugayeni zingavuselelwa.
I-WorkPiece Coating
Ezimweni eziningi, umsebenzi ophelile udinga ukuhlanganiswa. I-coating inikeza ama-lubrity futhi yandisa ubulukhuni, kanye nesithiyo esiguquguqukayo ku-substrate, ukuvikela i-oxidation lapho kuvezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu. I-Carbide Substrate yeCarbide enesihlahlana ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-coating. Ngaphezu kokuvumelanisa izakhiwo eziphambili ze-matrix powder, izakhiwo ezingaphezulu kwe-matrix nazo zingalinganiswa ngokukhethwa kwamakhemikhali nokushintsha indlela yesono. Ngokufuduka kwe-cobalt, ama-cobalt amaningi angacetshiswanga engxenyeni engaphandle ye-blade komhlaba ngaphakathi kobukhulu obungu-20-30 μm ahlobene nawo wonke umsebenzi wokusebenza nokuqina, okwenza kuvikeleke kakhulu ekuguqukeni.
Ngokusekelwe kwinqubo yabo yokukhiqiza (efana nendlela yokwenza ama-dewaxing, isilinganiso sokushisa, isikhathi sokushisa, izinga lokushisa kanye ne-cariburing voltage), umkhiqizi wamathuluzi angaba nezidingo ezikhethekile zebanga le-carbide powder esetshenzisiwe. Abanye abakwa-Toolmaker bangaphonsa umsebenzi wokusebenza esithandweni somsebenzi we-vacuum, kanti abanye bangasebenzisa isithando somlilo esishisayo (okhazimulayo) (esicindezele indawo yokusebenza ngasekupheleni komjikelezo wenqubo). Ama-WorkPeres ancishiswe esithandweni sokwelapha kungadinga futhi ukuthi ashise ngokumangalisayo ngenqubo eyengeziwe ukwandisa ubungako bePhisi. Abanye abakhiqizi bamathuluzi bangasebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu we-vacuum ukondla ubuningi bokuhlanganiswa kwe-cobalt ephansi, kepha le ndlela ingahle ikhonge i-miccucture yabo. Ukuze ulondoloze usayizi omuhle okusanhlamvu, ama-powders anosayizi omncane wezinhlayiyana we-tungsten carbide angakhethwa. Ukuze uqondanise imishini ethile yokukhiqiza, izimo ze-dewaxing kanye ne-caribuzing voltage nazo zinezidingo ezihlukile zokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ku-carbide powder enesihlahla sekhamera.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwebanga
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinguquko zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-tungsten carbide powder, ukwakheka kwezinhlanganisela kanye nokuqukethwe kwensimbi okuqukethwe, uhlobo kanye nenani lokuhlanza okusanhlamvu, njll., Kwakha amabanga ahlukahlukene carbide. Lawa mapharamitha azonquma ukuhambela kwe-carbide ye-carbide ye-centmed kanye nezakhiwo zawo. Ezinye izinhlanganisela ezithile zezakhiwo ziye zaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokucubungula, okwenza kube nenjongo ukuhlukanisa amamaki e-carbide ahlukahlukene.
Izinhlelo ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-Carbide Classification Systems for Machching application ziyi-C Concotion System kanye ne-ISO Constration System. Yize uhlelo alukho ngokuphelele uhlelo olubonakalayo oluthonya oluthonya ekukhetheni amamaki e-carbide carbide, anikeza indawo yokuqala ingxoxo. Ngokwehlukaniswa ngakunye, abakhiqizi abaningi banamamaki abo akhethekile, okuholele emabangeni ahlukahlukene carbide.
Amamaki carbide angahlukaniswa ngokwakhiwa. Amamaki e-Tungsten Carbide (WC) angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo: elula, i-microcrystalline kanye ne-allyed. Amamaki alulaX aqukethe iTungsten Carbide naseCobalt Binders, kepha angaqukatha amanani amancane okuhlanza okusanhlamvu okuvimbela. Ibanga le-microcrystalline lakhiwa i-tungsten Carbide kanti i-cobalt minter ingezwe ngezinkulungwane eziningana ze-vagadium carbide (VC) kanye (ne) Chromium Carbide (CR3C2), kanye nosayizi wayo wokusanhlamvu angafinyelela ku-1 μM noma ngaphansi. Amamaki we-Alloy akhiwa iTungsten Carbide kanye nama-Cobalt Minders aqukethe amaphesenti ambalwa e-titanium Carbide (Tic), iTantalum Carbide (i-TAC), ne-NBC). Lokhu okungezelwe kuyaziwa nangokuthi i-cubic carbides ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezineso. Imibukiso ye-mismscuture ephumela ngenhlaka yesigaba esinezigaba ezintathu.
1) Amabanga alula we-Carbide
Lawa mabanga wokusika insimbi ngokuvamile aqukethe ama-3% kuye ku-12% cobalt (ngesisindo). Uhla lwezinhlobo ze-tungsten Carbide luvame phakathi kuka-1-8 μm. Njengamanye amamaki, ukunciphisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana we-tungsten carbide kukhulisa ubulukhuni bawo kanye namandla okuqhuma okuguqukayo (TRS), kepha kunciphisa ubulukhuni bayo. Ubulukhuni bohlobo olumsulwa buvame phakathi kwe-HRA89-93.5; Amandla we-transverver ajwayele phakathi kuka-175-350ksi. Ama-Powders alawa mabanga angaqukatha izinto eziningi ezenziwe kabusha.
Amamaki wohlobo olulula angahlukaniswa nge-C1-C4 ohlelweni lweBanga le-C, futhi angahlukaniswa ngochungechunge lwe-K, N, S kanye noH H LAN PRADA ohlelweni lwe-ISO. Amamaki alula anezici eziphakathi nendawo angahlukaniswa njengamabanga ajwayelekile (njenge-C2 noma i-K20) futhi angasetshenziselwa ukuguqula, ukugaya, ukuhlela nokuxaka; amamaki anosayizi omncane okusanhlamvu noma okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-cobalt kanye nobulukhuni obuphakeme kungahlukaniswa njengamabanga wokuqeda (njenge-C4 noma k01); Amabanga anosayizi omkhulu wokusanhlamvu noma okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cobalt kanye nokuqina okungcono kungahlukaniswa njengamabanga abusayo (njenge-C1 noma k30).
Amathuluzi enziwe ku-Simplex amabanga angasetshenziselwa i-Iron Maching, 200 no-300 insimbi engenacala, i-aluminium nezinye izinsimbi ezingezinhle, ama-superlloys kanye nensimbi elukhuni. Lawa mabanga angasetshenziswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezona zensimbi (isib. Njengamathuluzi okumba we-rock nama-geologing), futhi la mathuluzi anezinhla ezisanhlamvu ze-1.5-10μm (noma zikhulu) kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-cobott ye-6% -16%. Okunye ukusetshenziswa okungalingani kwensimbi kwamamaki alula carbide kusekwe ekwenziweni kokufa nokufakelwa. Lawa mabanga ajwayele ukuba nosayizi wokusanhlamvu ophakathi nendawo enokuqukethwe kwe-cobalt ngo-16% -30%.
(2) I-microcrystalline cemeted Carbide amamaki
Amamaki anjalo ajwayele ukuqukethe ama-6% -15% cobalt. Ngesikhathi sesigaba se-liquid sonow, ukwengezwa kwe-carbide ye-vanadium kanye / noma i-crorbide ye-chromium kungalawula ukukhula okusanhlamvu ukuthola isakhiwo esihle sokusanhlamvu ngosayizi we-1 μm. Leli banga elinamatshe elihle linobulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokuqhuma kwamandla aguqukayo ngaphezulu kwama-500ksi. Inhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu nokuzilolongela okwanele kuvumela la mabanga asebenzise i-angle ebanga elikhudlwana, enciphisa amandla okusika futhi akhiqize ama-chips amancanyana ngokusika impahla yensimbi.
Ngokukhonjwa okuqinile kwekhwalithi yezinto ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza ekwenziweni kwamabanga we-carbide powder, kanye nokulawulwa okuqinile kwezimo zenqubo ezonakala ukuvikela okusanhlamvu okukhulu ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo,, kungenzeka ukuthola izakhiwo ezifanele. Ukuze ugcine usayizi wokusanhlamvu omncane futhi umfaniswano, i-recycled powder engavuselelwa kabusha kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma kukhona ukulawula okugcwele kwenqubo esetshenziswayo neyokutakula kabusha, kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ebanzi.
Amabanga we-microcrystalline angahlukaniswa ngokochungechunge lwe-M ebangeni ohlelweni lwe-ISO Grade System. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izindlela zokuhlukaniswa ohlelweni lwe-C Ibanga kanye nohlelo lwe-ISO lweBanga le-ISO lufana namabanga ahlanzekile. Amamaki e-Microcrystalline angasetshenziswa ukwenza amathuluzi asika izinto zokwakha ezithambile, ngoba ingaphezulu lethuluzi lingabhalwa kahle kakhulu futhi lingagcina umphetho obukhali kakhulu wokusika.
Amabanga e-Microcrystalline angasetshenziswa futhi kuma-superlloy asuselwa ku-nickel, ngoba angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-1200 ° C. Ukuze kusetshenzwe kwama-superlloys kanye nezinye izinto ezikhethekile, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi we-microcrystalline grade namathuluzi ahlanzekile aqukethe i-ruthenium kungathuthukisa kanyekanye ukumelana kwabo, ukumelana nokukhanya kanye nokuqina. Amamaki e-Microcrystalline nawo alungele ukwenziwa kwamathuluzi ajikelezayo afana nokushayela okukhiqiza ukucindezela kwe-shear. Kukhona ukudonsa okwenziwe ngamamaki ahlanganisiwe we-carbide oyisihlahla. Ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-drill efanayo, okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt kokuqukethwe kuyahlukahluka, ukuze ubulukhuni kanye nobunzima bokushayela kwenziwe kahle ngokuya ngezidingo zokulungisa.
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Lawa mabanga asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusika izingxenye zensimbi, futhi okuqukethwe kwawo kwe-cobalt kuvame ukuba ngo-5% -10%, kanye nosayizi wokusanhlamvu usukela ku-0.8-2μm. Ngokungeza i-4% -25% Carbide (TIC), ukuthambekela kweTungsten Carbide (WC) ukuhlukanisa ngaphezulu kwama-chip ensimbi kungancishiswa. Ukuqina kwamathuluzi, ukumelana kwe-crater ukumelana nokumelana nokushayeka okushisayo kungathuthukiswa ngokungeza kuze kufike ku-25% ama-tantalum Carbide (TAC) ne-NIOBISIM CARBIDE (NBC). Ukungezwa kwe-cubic carbides enjalo nakho kukhulisa ubulukhuni obubomvu bethuluzi, kusiza ukugwema ukuguquguquka okushisayo kwethuluzi ekusikeni okusindayo noma okunye ukusebenza lapho umngcele wokusika uzokhiqiza amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-titanium carbide inganikeza amasayithi we-nucleation ngesikhathi sokuthola isono, ethuthukisa ukufana kokusatshalaliswa kwe-Carbide ye-cubic ku-workpiepe.
Ngokuvamile, uhla lukhuni lobulukhuni bama-carbide cuned carbide amamaki nguHRA91-94, futhi namandla okuqhekeka okuguqukayo angu-150-300ksi. Uma kuqhathaniswa namamaki ahlanzekile, amamaki we-alloy anokuvikelwa kabi kwamandla namandla aphansi, kepha azwele kangcono ukugqokwa kokunamathela. Amamaki we-Alloy angahlukaniswa nge-C5-C8 ohlelweni lweBanga le-C, futhi angahlukaniswa ngokochungechunge lwe-P ebangeni ohlelweni lwe-ISO. Amamaki we-Alloy anezindawo eziphakathi nendawo angahlukaniswa njengamabanga ajwayelekile (afana ne-C6 noma P30) futhi angasetshenziselwa ukuguquka, ukudonsa, ukuhlela nokugaya. Amabanga anzima kakhulu angahlukaniswa njengamabanga wokuqeda (njenge-C8 ne-P01) ngokuqedwa kokujika nokusebenza okuyisidina. Lawa mabanga ajwayele ukuba namasayizi amancane okusanhlamvu kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-cobalt ukuthola ubulukhuni obudingekayo nokugqoka ukumelana. Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ezifanayo zingatholakala ngokungeza ama-carbides amaningi we-cubic. Amabanga anokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu angahlukaniswa njengamabanga abusayo (isib. C5 noma i-P50). Lawa mabanga ajwayele ukuba nosayizi wokusanhlamvu ophakathi nendawo okuqukethwe okuphezulu, okunezengezo eziphansi ze-cubic carbides ukufeza ubunzima obufunayo ngokuvimbela ukukhula kokuqhekeka. Emisebenzini yokuguqula okuphazamisekile, ukusebenza kokusika kungathuthukiswa ngokusetshenziswa kwamamaki anokwakhiwa okuchazwe ngenhla nge-cobbotalt okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cobalt ephakeme
Amamaki we-Alloy anokuqukethwe kwe-carbide ephansi ye-titanium asetshenziselwa insimbi engenacala kanye nensimbi engenamsebenzi, kepha futhi angasetshenziselwa izinsimbi ezingezona izicubu ezingezona ezifuywayo ezifana nama-superlloy asuselwa ku-nickel. Usayizi wokusanhlamvu walawa mabanga uvame ukungaphansi kwe-1 μm, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt kungu-8% -12%. Amamaki anzima, anjenge-M10, angasetshenziselwa ukuguqula insimbi eyingqayizivele; Amabanga ashubile, anjenge-M40, angasetshenziselwa ukugaya nokuhlela insimbi, noma ukuguqula insimbi engagqwali noma ama-superlooys.
I-Alloy-Type Carmed Carbide Magazine nayo ingasetshenziselwa izinhloso ezingezona zensimbi, ikakhulukazi yokwenziwa kwezitho ezingamelana nokugqokwa. Usayizi wezinhlayiyana wala mabanga uvame ukuvame ukuba ngu-1.2-2 μm, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt kungu-7% -10%. Lapho ukhiqiza la mabanga, iphesenti eliphakeme lokuqukethwe okuvuselelwe kabusha livame ukungezwa, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwezindleko eziphezulu ezisetshenziselwa izingxenye zezingxenye. Izingxenye zokugqoka zidinga ukumelana okuhle kokugqwala nobulukhuni obuphezulu, obungatholwa ngokungeza i-nickel ne-chromium carbide lapho ukhiqiza la mabanga.
Ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho zabakhiqizi bamathuluzi, i-carbide powder yinto esemqoka. Ama-Powders enzelwe amathuluzi wemishini yokusebenza kwemishini kanye namapharamitha enqubo aqinisekisa ukusebenza kokwenza umsebenzi oqediwe futhi kuholele kumakhulu amamaki e-carbide. Imvelo esetshenziswa kabusha yezinto ze-carbide kanye nekhono lokusebenza ngqo nabathengisi be-powder livumela abathengisi bamathuluzi ukuthi balawule ngempumelelo ikhwalithi yabo yomkhiqizo nezindleko ezibonakalayo.
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: Oct-18-2022
